Gambling addictions effect on family Essay Example for Free

Gambling addictions effect on family EssayGambling is a distraction for most people, something to look forward to on a vacation or the occasional trip to the racetrack. However, there are others who cant enclose their have-to doe with in gambling. Instead of doing it on an occasional basis, it becomes an everyday employment and a cruel addiction. Individuals who become habituate to gambling often get overwhelmed by the activity and allow it to become the dominant thing in their lives at the expense of themselves and their family. Addiction Addicted gamblers get into trouble when they start chasing their losings.A gambler may go to the casino or go online to gamble with a fixed amount of money. jibe to the American honorary society of Family Physicians, the increased access to gambling throughout the get together States the problem of pathlological gambling is likely to increase in the future. Sponsored Links Pedialyte For Children When it Comes to Rehydration, Other House hold Beverages Cant Compare. www. Pedialyte. com Function The gambler doesnt want to lose, but when those losses occur, he doesnt want others to know about it.He wants to hide his losses because he doesnt want to disappoint others and he doesnt want to face the consequences of what is happening. So when an addicted gambler is losing, he is hurting his family by losing money that cannot afford to be lost and he is hurting is family even more by lying to them. According to a report by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, there are 2. 5 million pathological gamblers in the United States and another 3 million problem gamblers. ImpactIn many cases, the addicted gamblers family doesnt find out about the problem until many months or days have gone by. The gambler may manipulate the familys money for a while to make it look like all the funds are in tact. However, after a given period, that wont be possible because the money will be gone. The gamblers spouse o r significant other may assure the shortfall in a routine examination of the accounts or the gambler may admit the problem when the guilt becomes overwhelming.Either way, trust has been destroyed in the relationship. Treatment Preventing a gambler from gambling is difficult, but if family members know about the problem and really want to help, they can practice tough love in order to prevent the gambler from doing more damage to himself and to the family. A support group like Gamblers Anonymous can also help. GA, modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous, uses 12 steps to increase self-awareness and identify character defects that can help the individual arrest his gambling problem.However, the compulsive gambler cannot be cured. Identification The American Academy of Family Physicians has identified some of the behaviors associated with pathological gambling, which can help family members identify if a family member has a gambling problem. These behaviors include preoccupation with gamb ling repeated failed efforts to control gambling gambles to escape problems lies to family members, therapists and others to conceal gambling losses and relies on others to provide money to relieve desperate financial situations.

J.B Priestley and his audience Essay Example for Free

J.B Priestley and his audience EssayJ.B Priestley is soulfulness who has seen enough of the institution to exploit his own judgments. Therefore he has written this play An Inspector Calls to get these views of his across to the rest of the audience. He believes in socialism and doesnt support the view of capitalism. He tries to promote socialism and show capitalism as an act of egotism.The two main views of society he has portrayed and contrasted capitalists and socialist. We know this through characters of the book to obtain with I will look at Mr. birl as a capitalist. This character was shown to be a very arrogant and proud man. He believed he had more authority and rights than/over everyone else. He isSelf made man.His objectives of life be to make money, and profit for himself,Its my duty to keep labour costs down. cash for him isnt an issue. Its an important part of his life. Even in situations like the sort he finds his image essential.Look, inspector Id give th ousandsMr. circumvolve bath seem to be take away at times in the sense that he doesnt always perform in the way he portrays himself to his surroundings. He finds a rea parole to believe that the inspectors fire maybe a hoax, He than begins to proceed as though the inspectors arrival had no effect on him. But as soon as the resound rings he begins to panic.Mr. Birling doesnt like to argue. He is optimistic about the future yet we know what he predicts will not come true.The worlds ontogeny so fast itllmake state of war impossible.AndThe Titanic. unsinkable absolutelyunsinkable.The inspectors comment to Mrs. Birling about young people Theyre moreImpressionable (pg 30) adds weight to our feelings that the ripened generation isFixed in its attitudes and that if society is to become more caring it will clear to be through the efforts of the younger generation.The inspector is just someone who is making the characters in the play realise what they are doing price in life, not to cause havoc. This is shown when Sheila ( Mr Birlings daughter) takes the blame of Eva Smiths death http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=bA9lpcBIiL8 all on to her own accord, the inspector assures her and asks her to stay and listen to Geralds (Sheilas fianc) part of the story, so she doesnt feel herself entirely to blame.Sheila is an example of a capitalist who has realised her mistakes, owned up to them and is alert to adjust her life after the events taken place in the dining hall that afternoon. She is very intelligent but spoilt. She is nave and is very distressed by the news of Evas death caused by stress which drove her to committing suicide. She thinks that her fathers behaviour was unacceptable. She readily agrees that she behaved very badly and insists that she neer meant the girl any harm.Ill never ever do it to anybody againSheila had gotten used to the fact of going into a shop and behaving in such a cruel manner, and get somebody (Eva Smith) permanently excluded from thei r chore just because of jealousy, how self-centered of her. Now after somebodyhad made her see her mistakes she decided her actions were not acceptable, and this sort of approach to life is intolerable.J.B Priestley wanted to show that at that place are people out there who havent recognised their errors in life and that maybe this play will help them to do just that.Priestley shows just how wrong capitalism is that it can even lead to death of innocent citizens. So this means there is chance of another war, if capitalism isnt erased from this world. He shows that people are out there who predict the future like Mr Birling and say things like the Titanic is unsinkable and the worlds developing so fast itll make war impossible, we know that these predictions made were wrong. But who are we to say that there wont be another war. It makes you think what might happen In the future if entrepreneurship isnt stopped, doesnt it? This is what Priestley wanted, his capitalist audience to fe el guilty, and wanting to change themselves for the better.Mr Birling represents Priestleys hatred of businessmen who are only interested in making money. He (Birling) will never alter his ways and it is left to the younger generation to learn from their mistakes.Mr Birlings family may seem cheerful, but if you inspect them internally youll notice how ruined their family really is. Mr Birling has feelings of guilt but doesnt show them because of his bold image he has to keep up with,We hard headed businessmenHe is hurt by the fact that when his son Eric (an alcoholic), was in trouble (with Eva and the money problem he had) he didnt approach his father with this problem and ask for help, like any other son would have done. This makes Mr Birling upset and angry.You damned fool why didnt you come to mewhen you found yourself in this mess?Eric is bad-mannered and coarse towards his father and makes him feel as though they never had a father and son relationship.Because youre not the ki nd of chap a manCould turn to when hes in trouble.Priestley also shows that money cant buy happiness. Mr Birling has all the money but does he enjoy time with his family? Is his family falling apart?And is it his entire fault?Capitalism also has this effect on people, that it can tear families apart just as its done to The Birlings.Inspector Gooles final speech is J.B Priestleys personal opinion which is that he is concerned that there are galore(postnominal) people like Eva Smith who are poor and their lives depend on the way we deal with daily life.One Eva Smith has gone-but there are millions andmillions of Eva Smiths and prank Smiths stillleft with us .The reason for capitalism is people like Mr Birling who have no sympathy for others and dont care about the rest of the world or poverty they only care about money and image this is why capitalism and wars are still going on today. If there was more socialism there would be peace. This is J.B Priestleys major motive of writing t his play An Inspector Calls is to promote socialism. (Which I hope he has)

What is the Difference Between Biosphere and Ecosphere?

What is the Difference Between Biosphere and Ecosphere?Explain the difference between Biosphere, Ecosphere and Gaia and argue a nerve for adopting unity of these descriptors for discussions of the earthBiosphere, Ecosphere and Gaia are used names of the international eco arranging. But each international eco ashes has its own or more meaning individually. The global eco outline is natural cycles of interdependent organisms which shares and functions together in the same habitat. Eco arrangings usually form a number of food webs. (Robert W. Christopherson 1996). Ecosystems relate to soil, plants, animals, chemicals and rocks amongst others of the planet. For example when we approximate of nature we think of living things such as planets and animals, the biotic comp unrivallednts of an ecosystem include all the living things in an area.Biosphere the place on earths surface where life dwells. (Seuss E. 1875) Biosphere is a biological global sum of all ecosystems and life on eart h which integrates all living things together from the beginning of time on earth evolving over billions of geezerhood. Estimated 3.5 billion years ago. (Campbell, Neil A. Brad Williamson, Robin J. Heyden 2006). The Biosphere originated from a geologist called Eduard Suess in 1875 merely the concept wasnt really adapted until Vladimir Vernadsky in 1926 wrote the book the biosphere redefining biosphere as a current earth system this is a main core of ecology. The biosphere exchanges matter and energy with the other spheres, helping the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and along with other elements. This could be or is the reason wherefore the biosphere is known as the global ecosystem, comprising the earth and performing all manner of biological functions, including photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, nitrogen fixation and gentrification.Gaia The earth is more than just a home, its a living system and we are part of it. (James Lovelock) is simply the core o f James Lovelocks Gaia theory, also known as the Gaia hypothesis. It was originally proposed in 1963 by James Lovelock. While the name Gaia comes from a Greek goddess of earth it is mainly a similar take on the biosphere with the same components but proposed as viewing the earth as a single organism. James Lovelock said that Gaia was a complex entity involving the Earths biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and soil the totality constituting a feedback or cybernetic system which seeks an optimal physical and chemical environment for life on this planet (James Lovelock 1979). The Gaia hypothesis states that the earth is alive, the search for life on mars led to lovelocks belief in the existence of Gaia. While we know theres no life on mars or Venus, lovelock comparingd it with the earths atmosphere which is a smorgasbord of gases making life present, while earths gas is non the same but is contained in a constant state suggesting a regulation of the whole system on earth for example the climate, ocean and air are a self regulated process. While James Lovelocks theory wasnt totally accepted it is one looked over by scientists with mixed questioning critically whilst criticize by others.While Biosphere is known to serve at high levels of scientific research and be a core factor in within biology and ecology using remote sensing systems to s foot the entire earths surface.Future of Healthcare technology PACSFuture of Healthcare Technology PACSPACS is the healthcare technology of the future. A picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is a computerized means of replacing the role of stuffy radiological film images are acquired, stored, transmitted, and displayed digitally. PACS is not just used in the radiology department it john be used all over the hospital in any location, anytime, anywhere and even be used with other hospitals, between different physicians. There are advantages and disadvantages to choosing to use the PACS system. There are other techn ologies that beget a dramatic impact on the deli very of patient care as well these technology along with the PACS system make healthcare better. unmatched of the biggest advantages to using the PACS system is the fact that everything is done digitally. In my research I have found sev terml reasons that hospitals should chose PACS to operate there radiology department as well as all the other areas in the hospital. In several articles it has stated that the use of PACS main advantage is the improvement in efficiency. PACS has been proven to precipitate medical errors due to the fact once an image has been acquired onto PACS it cannot be lost, stolen, or misfiled. The PACS system also allows images to be available anywhere in the hospital whereas conventional film can only physically exist in one place at any one time. With the PACS system the physician can compare images at the same time. If an image is too dark or too light before you would have to retake the x-ray but with the P ACS system you can adjust these things on the computer. Physician can also take an image from ten years ago and put it into the PACS system and compare it with the most young image. Things like this can really help with diagnosis and turn toment of patients. PACS also helps patient care be quicker because the physician can view the images anytime and anywhere in the hospital. For example if a patient is have trouble in the ICU the physician can view any images necessary to help treat the patient without leaving the ICU area therefore if the physician is needed he/she is right there. These images are available to all the members of the care team not just the physician. PACS system has been proven to save lives as well as lower medical errors. I read an article that stated when the PACS system is to the full utilized, the technology can play a significant role in reducing the potential for error by eliminating steps in the distribution and wariness of images and associated patient information across the enterprise. PACS system also allows hospital staff and physicians can schedule and order exams, update patient information across an enterprise, pull up stakes information and images to physicians at the point of care, and provide diagnostic tools, features, and functionality to ensure the highest quality of interpretation and diagnosis. Currently 20% of films are missing when needed. This wouldnt happen if they were using the PACS system. each(prenominal) images in the PACS database are automatically grouped into the correct examination, are Chronologically ordered, correctly oriented and labeled, and can be easily retrieved which is not necessarily the shell without the PACS system. The pediatrics and neonatal unit were among the first clinical specialties to start using the PACS system. Radiographic images play a big role in these departments. Time is very crucial in these units so it is a great advantage that you dont have to go to the radiology depart ment to retrieve these images. This is one good example how the PACS system can save lives and why the hospital should be using this system.There are some disadvantages to the PACS system as well as with any system that you may choose to use. One disadvantage to the PACS system is cost of installing the PACS system in the hospital setting. In the year 1999 the cost of intalling the PACS system was one to two million dollars with a six percent annual maintenance. Studies have shown that PACS would pay for itself in five years. Another disadvantage is once you have gone filmless there is risk that the PACS system could have a system failure with this in mind as long as the data is backed up daily. One other potential problem of PACS is that the staff may not have the knowledge to be able to use the PACS system.In my research I found that when the PACS system is used along with the EMR and the CPOE there is a dramatic impact on patient care. The EMR is where all medical records, inclu ding all of patient images, pathology, working(a) results and history are done and stored electronically. The CPOE is where the physicians use computers to due order entry. Each of these things in isolation helps somewhat with patient care but when the three are used together the results are much greater.In Conclusion, healthcare technology is going to computerization and there is no stopping it. We are in an era where computers are an important part of daily life not just in the healthcare field. Learning how to use computers and there software is crucial for survival. In this paper I talked about one of the most rapidly growing systems in healthcare the PACS system. PACS is the healthcare technology of the future. A picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is a computerized means of replacing the role of conventional radiological film images are acquired, stored, transmitted, and displayed digitally. PACS is not just used in the radiology department it can be used all ov er the hospital in any location, anytime, anywhere and even be used with other hospitals, between different physicians. I also talked about the advantages and disadvantages of the PACS system as well as other systems that work along with the PACS System.Referenceshttp//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1718393/pdf/v083p00082.pdfhttp//www.psqh.com/janfeb05/pacs.htmlhttp//www.medicexchange.com/PACS/going-filmless-intro-to-pacs-pa..

The idea of carrying capacity

The humor of carrying facultyBy the end of the 21st century, human race world growth may exceed Earths carrying capacity. Discuss.The idea of carrying capacity is not a red-hot one. Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that the environment can support without deterioration (McGraw-Hill, 2002). The first idea of carrying capacity applied to natural organisms was introduced in the 1980s so the concept that the earth is a ship with only enough food and resources to be able to admit a finite population is not new (Sayre 2007).The population of Earth currently stands at around 6.8 cardinal and is expected to reach 7 billion by the year 2011. In just 12 years, the population of earth has risen by nearly 1 billion after a population of 6 billion was reached in 1999 (Unkn throw 2009). universe of discourse has been projected and estimated to reach 9.4 billion by 2050. (Ehrlich.P, A 2009). The rate at which population is increasing causes a growth concern with the carryin g capacity of the planet and whether or not the planet will be able to sustain the population.Humans have already put birdcall on the environment and an increasing population puts an ever-growing strain on the environment. Human and environmental changes that need to be considered such as climate change and everywhere-consumption, new industrialising countries such as India and China. Countries with rapid population growth are already finding it hard to improve, or even maintain the health of their people and their economies. (MacKenzie 1994). on that point are galore(postnominal) people who believe in Ester Boserups view that human innovation and ingenuity will prevail and overcome any problems that pose a threat to mankind. There have been many technological advances, which has allowed for increased yield of crops, one such advance is the invention by Fritz Haber in 1909, the nitrogen haunt process known as the Haber-Bosch process (Matthews 2005). This process has helped feed many millions and saved them from death and starvation (Bhagwati 1996). Many other technological advances such as one from Norm Borlaug where he devised a system to accelerate the breeding of disease-resistant wheat and beat the stem rust fungus in Mexico (MacKenzie 2009).The gains have not been without salute soil quality has been damaged, crops like bananas have become less genetically diverse, rare breeds of animal have been pushed close to extinction, and habitats have been destroyed. Increasing demand for shopping centre also puts pressure on agriculture (Marshall 2009).However factors such as climate change that may lead to rising temperatures, which is accelerated by our over consumption causing massive amounts of pollution and use of valuable resources is of great concern to the worlds carrying capacity and even with the advances in technology that humans succeeded in the prospective still looks grim.The six most widely grown crops in the world are wheat, rice, maize, soy beans, barley and sorghum. Results suggest that yields of maize, cotton and soybean drop by just about 0.6 per cent for each degree-day spent above 29 C. At present, agricultural regions across the US spend an average of 57 degree-days above 29 C during the growing season. A growing season could rise to 413 degree-days by the end of the century (Barley 2009). As early as 2020 several countries in Africa are liable(predicate) to experience a reduction in crop yields by up to 50%. Droughts in Kenya have become 4 times more green in the last 25 years. In 2009, Kenya has had its third failed harvest in a row. (Alagiah 2009)Overfishing of the worlds oceans has also led to great damage, causing population crashes in many species although in recent years, fish farms have become more widespread and they reduce the burden on wild fish but have problems of their own with escaping fish, excessive food consumption, infectious viruses and louse infestations (Barley 2009)The problem of increas ing population makes the situation much more difficult to manage. It may be possible that human innovation and ingenuity will overcome any difficulties that mankind faces, although it does seem that the limit of the planets carrying capacity is close to reaching its peak with depleting reserves of minerals, oil, agricultural yields and disadvantage of biodiversity and that along with environmental changes in the world it will be difficult for the entire planet and that carrying capacity is a subject that needs careful rumination today.Alagiah. G (2009). BBC Future of Food TVBarley.S (2009). Climate tipping point defined for US crop yields Online. Available http//www.newscientist.com/ oblige/dn17680-climate-tipping-point-defined-for-us-crop-yields.html AccessedBhagwati .K (1994). No Clean Hands Online Available http//www.newscientist.com/article/mg14920116.100-no-clean-hands.html Accessed 24/01/2010Ehrlich.P, Ehrlich.A (2009). Population Enough of us now Online. Available http//www .newscientist.com/article/mg20327271.500-population-enough-of-us-now.html Accessed23/01/2009MacKenzie.D (1994). Will tomorrows children starve? The People problem Online. Available http//www.newscientist.com/article/mg14319413.600-will-tomorrows-children-starve-the-people-problem.html Accessed24/01/2010Mackenzie.D (2009). Norm Borlaug the man who fed the world Online. Available http//www.newscientist.com/article/dn17778-norm-borlaug-the-man-who-fed-the-world.html Accessed 25/01/2010Marshall. M (2009). Instant Expert Food and Drink Online. Available http//www.newscientist.com/article/dn17140-instant-expert-food-and-drink.html Accessed 25/01/2010Matthews.R (2005). The real Dr Faustus? Online. Available http//www.newscientist.com/article/mg18725172.600-the-real-dr-faustus.html Accessed 23/01/2010McGraw-Hill (2002). Dictionary of Environmental Science. McGraw-Hill. United States.Sayre.N (2007). Carrying Capacity Genesis, History and Conceptual Flaws Online. Available http//globetrotter. berkeley.edu/GreenGovernance/ColloqPapers/Sayre2007.pdf Accessed 23/01/2010Unknown (2009). 2009 World Population Data Sheet Online. Available http//www.prb.org/Publications/Datasheets/2009/2009wpds.aspx Accessed 23/01/2010

Ethical Issues in Business: Accounting and Environmentalism

Ethical Issues in Business Accounting and environmentalismCassandra SwindenPart AThis section is to outline the immensity of wellspring-disposed accounting and social reporting and to define this with an in depth explanation in terms of at heart a business society. The use of the company orchard apple tree as a show window study and further references, will each(prenominal)ow a detailed analysis of these terms, to put up a ambiguouser get winding to the reader.Social accounting and reporting is a huge factor in measuring companies performances, however there is no single agree definition. Therefore we could ask what in truth is social accounting and reporting, if there is no official identity to the terms. Social accounting and reporting is a way of evaluating a businesss performance however on numerical figures. It takes into account other Stakeholder groups rather than just Shareholders, as it highlights the importance of a business province to differing issues. Issues i nclude environmental, local and national involvement (charity).This educational activity erect be supported by umpteen sources including D. Crowther (2000) as he defines social accounting in this sense as an approach to reporting a firms activities which stresses the need for the identification of soci all toldy relevant behaviour, the determination of those to whom the company is accountable for its social performance and the development of appropriate measures and reporting techniques. 1 Another definition to identify the term social accounting comes from O,Dwyer (2006). and he defines the term from the perspective of an comptroller stating social accounting scholars are a group of individuals with commitment to stakeholder accountability and democracy.2 However this is not always be case, as social accounts may be biased for different reasons. Accountants desire for work fees could lead them to saying things which arent completely true, which can cause huge genuineness pr oblems. Secondly social accounting can also be recognised as a contributing factor of many social conflicts and disputes. This links to Apple as sorting at the report Apples un-kept promises we can see that legitimacy problem energise arisen, from the claims made in their progress report. Apple claims We dont tolerate underage labour. Our code requires our suppliers to provide special treatment to juvenile workers.3 However the china labour watch disclosed in their report Apples un-kept promises that within 2 factories they found many underage workers and employment slump were minimal or even non-existent.However social accounting may seem a positive driver for pleasing numerous Stakeholders, nevertheless it still has its disadvantages as a performance measure. Stuart Cooper (2004) Social and environmental accounting is flawed as it does not address the problem of the capitalist system. This suggests that as long as money is the main objective in companies, they will never be le gitimate with its social accounting objectives. Apple are a company which seem to adopt a capitalist culture, due to evidence discovering the length of operative hours and the wage workers receive. Working hours are too long, with 7-day weeks, shifts exceeding 12 hours and 80 hours of overtime a month not uncommon. It fall outs that falsified attendance records help disguise the concrete figures. 4 Further from this the pay rate is at but $1.20 per hour.Looking at Grey, Owen, Adams theory of social responsibleness stances we can see that Apple distinctly adopts an expedients approach, as they only proposed changes in 2012 (the progress report), to rebuild their tattered report. The report un-kept promises published by the China Labour honour, showed how all promises mentioned in the progress report, to get around employment rights and increase interests with different Stakeholder groups, were shattered, as independent enquiries were made to show that workers were receiving less than adequate treatment, for example no action was made to violate environmental issues.To conclude social accounting is an important measure for all businesses. However its importance differs in different ways, as some businesses only accepts social responsibility as long as it benefits them. However some companies genuinely put the importance of social responsibility, before acquire and report card, these companies usually take a deep ecologist view to responsibility and include companies such as Greenpeace. boilers suit social responsibility is mainly adopted for self-benefits, and this is where the term Green wash has emerged.Part BThis part of the essay outlines what is meant by the term ethical issues, giving an understanding of the two theories ethical relativism and ethical absolutism. The report is also to highlight the importance of ethics within companies, and give justification for its importance. further much the use of Apple articles and further references w ill allow an assessment to be made, and assumptions on Apples performance to these matters will be highlighted. The use of different viewpoints from varying Stakeholders will make the reports analysis more solid, as this will allow advantages and disadvantages to be seen in differing scenarios, rather than just beholding the benefits/negatives of main Shareholders.Ethical issues are mainly defined through two different theories either relativism or absolutism. Ethical absolutism is a theory where something is only right or wrong, it does not consider any other situations or scenarios. On the other hand Ethical relativism this theory were nothing is categorically right or wrong, as it is mainly relies on the circumstances of an individual, culture, beliefs or emotions. Therefore there is more tolerance on positive or negative actions that may be seen as immoral due to the moral absolutism theory.Looking at Apples Progress Report for 2012 outlines, how Apple have managed ethical matt ers to suite many Stakeholders involved within the company, demonstrating strong cooperate responsibility. Many statements are made within report differing amongst Stakeholder groups, however the quote We require that our suppliers provide safe works conditions, treat workers with dignity and respect, and use environmentally responsible manufacturing actes wherever Apple products are made. 5 This statement evidently indicates the importance of the employee, pressure groups and environmentalists to the Apple brand this analytically shows good responsibility to these stakeholders welfare. However contrasting this other sources have indicated that Apple has not complied with many of the statements they have made, regarding their ethical responsibility. A report called the Other attitude of Apple by the Friends of nature, the IPE and green Beagle (2011) found that it was spy that Lian Jian Technology had environmental violations, as they did not carry out the appropriate measures whi ch resulted in hazardous permissive waste material run off. They also had not filled out the hazardous waste transfer manifest documentation. 6 From this we can evidently assume that Apple have minimal interest in changing practices to make them more environmentally friendly, theyd rather pay heavy fines. As changing practices would be dearly-won and may affect the annual profits of Apples displeasing the Shareholders. This indicates that social responsibility is only implemented for the interest of Apple. Similarly according to a report from the China Labour watch show cased many ethical issues involving employees throughout all terce factories, issues such as an immense number of underage workers were discovered and of which did not receive any exceptional protection/treatment in comparison to workers of age. They were made to work within the same conditions and hours of employees of legal age. Additionally all workers were made to sign documents to falsify the hours that they do, therefore breaking employment regulations.However afield employment is greatly important to many less economically positive countries, Apple provides an income for their employees, as well as giving them opportunities to learn new skills, and increasing their life satisfaction. A Case Study involving Man Power to engrave a workforce force from the Monga-hit region of Rangpur, supports this as the government assigned a quota to send 18000 poor people from the Monga-hit region comprising greater Rangpur to overseas countries with job. 7 As well as offering loans to poor youths of the Monga-hit region consisting of greater Rangpur for overseas employment. 8 This shows the importance of companies being overseas, as governments of these less developed countries firmly encourage inward investment, as it benefits them in many ways as the government gain more taxation to improve public services, as well as less dependency on them for income. Shareholders will also benefit as wages a re much lower overseas, therefore increased profits could be made, increasing dividends.To conclude Apples performance towards its promises to alter social issues, have been extremely poor. As evidence through investigations by the Chinese Labour Watch and a report from the Friends of nature, IPE and Green Beagle all have identified many issues involving numerous Stakeholders, including employees, environment and its suppliers, where all parties were suffering from the production of Apple products. However on the other hand these factories do play an important role economically to the countries. As they provide employment to very low-skilled people, and most likely pay better wages than competitors. As well, governments promote inward investment into countries like these, as they financially aid the country through additional taxes, as well as a reduction in the fired, therefore less dependence on the government for survival. This view is supported by the Case Study on Manpower. Ov erall for Apple to be socially responsible they do need to address ethical issues that have been mentioned, as eventually them only providing the advantage and employment to a country wont be enough. In the future more damage could be made environmentally, costing the government large amounts of money.Part CThis part is to outline why companies might possibly report on environmental responsibility, it is argued many only report on these issues for business case reasons. Furthermore an analysis on what is meant by the term business case will be made, through the use of differing definitions from a range of sources. Applying apple to principles to help understand why companies report on environmental issues and what impact business case reasons has on a company, this will give a greater understanding of the importance of business case, as it will give more personalised answers as Apple may have a differing situation/position to other companies. in like manner using an existing compan y to show proposed changes, will lead to a sustainable planet. Finally there will be an explanation on what is mute by the term Greenwash, using multiple references and also demonstrating how it distresses particular Stakeholders.Companies that do things to reflect environmental responsibility but however only do them to in fact increase profitability, sales and even reduce waste to only reduce unit price of products, are only doing these things for business case reasons. Whereas if companies actually take a moral responsibility to environmental practices i.e. reduce their carbon emissions, they are doing this for ethical reasons instead of business case reasons. Therefore business case reasons highlight that companies only demonstrate an environmental policy to maintain a good reputation, however the practices they change/implement is done only to benefit themselves. However according to a report beyond the business case by Thomas Dyllick and Kai Hockerts they state A single-minde d focus on economic sustainability can succeed in the short run however, in the long run sustainability requires all three dimensions to be satisfied simultaneously. 9 This statement suggests those businesses that only concentrate on business case issues, intending to make changes to gain economic advantages this will not benefit them in the long run. As mentioned they need to focus on all three dimensions which include economic, ecological and social aspects.Therefore, for a business to be a success they need to take into account environmental and social issues. This statement links to Apple as evidence suggests that Apple heavily focuses on economic issues, however neglecting ecological and social issues, which affects a vast majority of Stakeholders, and the reputation of the business. A report called the Other Side of Apple by the Friends of nature, the IPE and green Beagle (2011) identified many environmental issues within the company which affected many knowledgeable Stakehol ders. For example in the Lain Jian factory they used an alcohol based solution to clean screens and other parts within the construction of their products. However Apple changed its process In August, 2008, however, W (Suzhou) suddenly began requiring its employees to replace the alcohol-based cleaner with n-hexane. When interviewed, workers at the factory stated that n-hexane evaporated much more quickly than the alcohol-based cleaner, thereby increasing their efficiency rate. 10 alone controversially Apple didnt recognise the dangers of this solution, by not reporting the change to the authorities this violated Chinas Law on the cake and Control of Occupational Diseases. Not only this, it affected the health of many employees in the company, as it is a poison it left many sick, as the chemical substance can cause unresponsiveness of limbs. Many of the employees at Lian Jian Technology have been falling sick, According to hospital tests and the doctors diagnosis, these employees u pper and lower peripheral poise had been damaged 11This clearly shows major environmental and social issues in Apple, and how the importance of increased efficiency was more important, than ensuring the safety of its employees. A lot of employees form this disaster decided to leave the company, as it was unsafe for them to work there. They received little compensation, and many of employees had to leave as they were given no other option, leaving them unemployed again and vulnerable as their skill set is minimal. Therefore Apples business case, really need altering as this undoubtedly demonstrates the importance of having all three dimensions (economical, ecological and social) as mentioned in the report beyond the business case.Greenwashing is a tool which a lot of major companies use to make them appear that they take responsibility for environmental issues, but in real terms they dont they only publish what they do to enhance their business reputation and brand image, which cou ld possibly increase profitability and sales. Its only done for self-interests. This is supported by a view from greenwashingindex.com as they state Its greenwashing when a company or organization spends more time and money claiming to be green through advertising and marketing than actually implementing business practices that minimize environmental impact. Its whitewashing, but with a green brush. 12Overall from the evidence gathered about business case reasons, which are now known as actions that only benefit the company i.e. increased profits? Are a big tool used in companies, however this continuous approach to only look at economic advantages does not benefit companies in the long-run. As from the report Other Side of Apple by the Friends of nature, the IPE and green Beagle, showed how they only focused on economic benefits through replacing a cleaning solution, which increased efficiency, however it led to huge pay-outs and loss of many employees, meaning large costs and a ta ttered reputation. This highlights that the view of needing to concentrate on all 3 dimensions, by Thomas Dyllick and Kai Hockerts is grossly important. This leads to the view of Greenwashing, many companies use this tool to appear environmentally involved, but only for self-interests, such as increased brand image and reputation, as well as the possibility of more sales. To conclude companies to succeed in the future need to really take on board the importance of environmental and social issues for them to be a success. As these responsibilities are becoming more important to consumers, and other Stakeholders in this day and age.ReferencesD. Crowther, Social and Environmental Accounting (London Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2000), p. 20.Carol A. Tilt. (2008). Corporate Responsibility, Accounting. forthcoming http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2ved=0CDAQFjABurl=http//www.springer.com/cda/ subject/document/cda_downloaddocument/9783642026294-c1.pdf?SGWID=0-0-. outlast accessed 25th February 2014.China Labour Watch. (July 29, 2013). Apples un-kept promises Cheap iPhones come at high costs to Chinese workers. Available http//www.chinalaborwatch.org/pdf/apple_s_unkept_promises.pdf. Last accessed 22nd February 2014.Hilmar Schmundt and Bernhard Zand. (July 29, 2013). hugger-mugger Report Apple Faces Fresh Criticism of Factories. Available http//www.spiegel.de/international/business/labor-violations-rife-at-apple-manufacturing-partners-in-china-a-913652.html. Last accessed 25th February 2014.Apple. (2012). Apple Supplier Progress Report 2012. Available http//images.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple_SR_2012_Progress_Report.pdf. Last accessed 24th February 2014.Friends of Nature, IPE, Green Beagle. (2011). The Other Side of Apple. Available http//www.ipe.org.cn/Upload/Report-IT-V-Apple-I-EN.pdf. Last accessed 27th February 2014.The Financial Express. (2010). Call to restore overseas employment opportunity for Monga-hit poor. Available http//search.proquest.com/abiglobal/docview/615328153/3EEA779477A241BCPQ/2?accountid=10472. Last accessed 26th February 2014.Thomas Dyllick and Kai Hockerts. (2002). Beyond the business case for cooperate sustainability. Available http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2ved=0CDUQFjABurl=http//www.researchgate.net/publication/36386947_Beyond_the_Business_Case_for_Corporate_Sustainability/fi. Last accessed 26th February 2014.1 D. Crowther, Social and Environmental Accounting (London Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2000), p. 20.2 http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2ved=0CDAQFjABurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fcda%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fcda_downloaddocument%2F9783642026294-c1.pdf%3FSGWID%3D0-0-45-811809-p173912904ei=oUcBU7_hC-H17Aak8IGwCwusg=AFQjCNEdu9SuaBK8pz77C14bqGV6TQOy5gbvm=bv.61535280,d.ZGU3 http//www.chinalaborwatch.org/pdf/apple_s_unkept_promises.pdf4 http//www.spiegel.de/international/business/labor-violations-rife-at-apple-manufactur ing-partners-in-china-a-913652.html5 http//images.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple_SR_2012_Progress_Report.pdf6 http//www.ipe.org.cn/Upload/Report-IT-V-Apple-I-EN.pdf7 http//search.proquest.com/abiglobal/docview/615328153/3EEA779477A241BCPQ/2?accountid=104728 http//search.proquest.com/abiglobal/docview/615328153/3EEA779477A241BCPQ/2?accountid=104729 http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=2ved=0CDUQFjABurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F36386947_Beyond_the_Business_Case_for_Corporate_Sustainability%2Ffi.10 http//www.ipe.org.cn/Upload/Report-IT-V-Apple-I-EN.pdf11 http//www.ipe.org.cn/Upload/Report-IT-V-Apple-I-EN.pdf12 http//www.greenwashingindex.com/about-greenwashing

Integrated Pests Management: A Safe Alternative to Hazardous Pesticide

Integrated cankers Management A Safe Alternative to Hazardous Pesticides The well cosmos of our everyday day lives argon affected by the agriculture industry. For many years now we have been using pesticides to control the pest population in our crops. Over the years research has shown that pesticides can stick fatal diseases like cancer. Pests are also becoming resistant to pesticides. It is time that we find a spick-and-span way to rid of pests. A program called the Integrated Pests Management is doing so and many growers have begun to use their tactics. Pesticides have been known to cause a scrap of diseases in humans as well as animals. The most vulnerable to these diseases and side effects are infants. Pesticides effect infants the most because the structures of their body systems are not fully developed. Parents dont use adult doses of drugs to their children. In contrast, the EPA allows infants and children to eat adult approved doses of pesticides that have not been ev aluated in terms of safety for infants and boyish children. Infants and children react differently to many drugs and toxic substances. An example of this is Aspirin. Aspirin can cause Reyes syndrome (a condition that kills 80 percent of its victims) in children and teenagers, but it does not cause this condition in adults (Cook, 2). Children are at the greatest risk to pesticides. The national Cancer Institute USA found an increase risk of leukemia in children whose parents utilise pesticides in the home garden. Children are commonly exposed to hundreds of pesticides in food, meanwhile, the incidence rate of childhood brain cancer and childhood leukemia continues to rise (Ries, 93). The reason that children are at risk the most is because ever... ...th. Pesticides in Food, Environmental Working Group, http//www.ewg.org/pub/home/reports/Baby-food/Baby.html Elkins, E.R. Effect of commercial processing on pesticide residues in selected fruits and vegetables. Journal of the Associate d of ordained Analytical Chemists, 1989 Ries, L., et al.1993. Cancer in Children, SEER Cancer Statistics Review. U.S. Department of Health and Human and Human Sevices. Washington, D.C. 1990 Sorensen, A. Proceedings of the National Integrated Pest Management Forum, June 17-19, 1992. American Farmland Trust Center for Agriculture in the Environment. Arlington, VA, 1992 United States Environmental Protection Agency Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, For Your Information EPA Efforts to Encourage Alternatives To Traditional Chemical Pest Control, Washington, D.C., March 1993

Shakespeare’s Richard II Essay: The Rape of a Nation -- Richard II Ric

Richard II - The Rape of a Nation By bowleg down to the needs of his subjects, a king allows others to dictate his actions and hence compromises the essence of his power. Paradoxically, failing to heed the desires of his subjects transforms a king into a self-indulgent tyrant and propels his soil towards ruin and decay. Can a sovereign rule his subjects without considering their general welfare? If a king rules unconscionably, do his subjects have the right to replace him? William Shakespeares Richard II considers this tyrannous quandary at great length. In particular, John of Gaunts other Eden soliloquy (2.1.31-68) delves into the perilous nature of unfettered autocracy. Gaunt proclaims that King Richard should relinquish his crown, because he has figuratively raped mother England by exploiting the loyalty of his subjects and debasing the grandeur of this blessed plot (2.1.50) for his own personal glory. John of Gaunts speech takes place from his deathbed. This scope heigh tens the resonance of his denouncement of Richard, for as Gaunt says, Where words are scarce they are seldom spent in vain / For they go on truth that breathe their words in pain (2.1.8-9). By referring to himself as a prophet new-inspired, (2.1.31) Gaunt realizes his opportunity to speak with immunity, since there is no physical harm Richard bottom do him. Every disparaging truth he utters is a lethal arrow aimed directly at Richards overblown sense of power. The front section of his monologue deals explicitly with identifying the nature of Richards vices. Gaunt alludes to Richards character by employing several brief end-stopped aphorisms that rely heavily on metaphors of self-destruction. This staccato like ... ...se very problems not only signified a fundamental change in the concept of autocratic rule in England, it also paved the way for the development of a more socially equitable system of parliamentary democracy, for once the will of the people is finally recognized, kings are reduced to mere anachronisms. When kings the sword of justice first lay down, They are no kings, though they possess the crown. Titles are shadows, crowns are empty things, The good of subjects is the end of kings. --Daniel Defoe Works Cited Defoe, Daniel. The True-Born Englishman 2.313. From Bartletts Familiar Quotations. 15th ed. Ed. Emily Morrison Beck. Boston Little, cook and Company, 1980, 318. Shakespeare, William. Richard II. The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 1997, 943-1014.